Hertz Markus (1747–1803) – Doctor of Medicine and Philosophy.

Markus Hertz lived in Mitau (now Jelgava, Latvia). He played a pivotal role in popularising the concept of Haskalah (the Jewish Enlightenment). Inspired by his ideas, the Jews of Courland expressed a desire to obtain citizenship. Jews were granted the right to permanent residence only in 1795, when the Duchy of Courland became part of the Russian Empire. The corresponding law was issued in 1799 by Emperor Paul I, with the support of local landowners.