Falkenstein (née Mirman) Roza (Rosa) (1 December 1905, Rēžica, Vitebsk province — 20 December 1985, Riga) — lawyer, one of the leading civil attorneys in Latvia.

In 1926, Roza Falkenstein graduated from the Natural Sciences Division of the Faculty of Physics and Mathematics at the University of Latvia, receiving the degree of Candidate of Natural Sciences. In 1928, she graduated with distinction from the Faculty of Law at the University of Grenoble in France, earning the degree of Licentiate of Law.

Before World War II, she was engaged in teaching. She gave lessons in chemistry, physics, Latin, French, English, and German. She was also actively involved in journalism, working as a correspondent for several central newspapers in Latvia, writing essays, and doing translations.

During evacuation to Jalal-Abad (Kyrgyz SSR) and Volzhsk (Mari ASSR) from 1941 to 1944, she worked in the legal profession and taught physics, chemistry, and foreign languages at a school.

In 1944, she returned to Riga and worked for 40 years as a lawyer in legal consultation offices.

In 1952, during the period of anti-Jewish persecution, she was expelled from the bar. In 1953, after the death of Stalin, she was reinstated.

Roza Falkenstein was also engaged in literary work, translating into Russian the works of many Latvian writers, including Ernests Birznieks-Upītis, Anna Brodele, Oskars Andžāns, and Kārlis Pērsietis.