Epstein Toviy Davidovich (1895, Latvia — 1969) — physician, hygienist, one of the first historians of medicine, teacher, healthcare organiser, Honoured Physician of the Tatar ASSR. Born into the family of a dentist. In 1920, graduated with a gold medal from the medical faculty of the University of Kazan. In 1921, worked at the Simbirsk hospital; from 1922, headed the regional healthcare service in Votkinsk. In 1935–38, rose from registrar to head of the department of social hygiene, deputy director and deputy people's commissar of healthcare for medical affairs of the Tatar ASSR. In 1939–42, headed the department of healthcare organisation he had created at the Stalingrad Medical Institute, simultaneously serving as deputy director. At the end of 1942, evacuated to Kazan, where he was again appointed deputy people's commissar of healthcare. Worked as chief state sanitary inspector, simultaneously serving as second professor of the department of healthcare organisation under the department head, Prof. F.G. Mukhamed'yarov. Was engaged in organisational, defence, anti-epidemic and medical-preventive work. In 1949, created an independent department of medical history at the Kazan Medical Institute and became its head; in 1954–66, headed the combined department of social hygiene, healthcare organisation and medical history. From 1966, retired; was consultant to his successor and student, Doctor of Medical Sciences, Prof. M.Kh. Vakhitov. Studied the physical development of children, demographic processes in the Tatar Republic, and the history of medicine and healthcare organisation in Russia. Trained three doctors (V.V. Treiman, M.Kh. Vakhitov, N.M. Zhuchkova) and 24 candidates of sciences. Participated in elected bodies, medical associations, scientific societies, and examination commissions; was co-editor of the medical history section of the Large Medical Encyclopaedia; member of the board of the All-Union Society of Hygienists; chairman of the Society of Medical Historians of the Tatar ASSR; deputy minister of healthcare of the Tatar Republic. For services in the field of healthcare, awarded the honorary title “Honoured Worker of Science of the Tatar ASSR,” the Order “Badge of Honour” and medals.