Efremov Dominik Ivanovich (1881-1925)

EFREMOV Dominik Ivanovich (real name Mikhail Efremovich Shteiman) (1881, Vishki, Dvinsk District, Vitebsk Governorate – 1925, Moscow) - participant in the revolutionary movement and civil war, member of the Communist Party since 1902.

Dominik Efremov studied at a real school in St. Petersburg. From 1901 - student at the Mining Institute, participatedin student strikes and demonstrations. From 1902 in a difficult situation. On behalf of the St. Petersburg Committee of the RSDLP, he organised an underground printing press. In 1903 he was arrested and after a year and a half of imprisonment in the Peter and Paul Fortress and the Kresty Prison, he was exiled to Turinsk in the Tobolsk Province, from where he escaped in early 1905. On behalf of the Central Committee of the Russian Social Democratic Labour Party, he established underground printing presses in Odessa and St. Petersburg in 1905. From the summer of 1906, he was a party organiser in St. Petersburg. In December 1907, he was arrested again and exiled for three years to the Arkhangelsk province. He soon escaped and returned to the capital, where he participated in party work. During World War I, he lived in Moscow. After the February Revolution of 1917, he was a party agitator, and from September, a member of the Sokolnichsky District Duma and its executive committee. In October-November 1917, he was a member of the Sokolnichsky District Revolutionary Committee. From December 1917, he was deputy chairman of the executive committee of the Sokolnichesky District Council, and from March 1918, he was military commissar of the district. In May-September 1918, he was secretary of the Moscow Committee of the Russian Communist Party (Bolsheviks) and, at the same time (from July), a member of the executive committee of the Moscow Soviet.

In the autumn, he was sent on party mobilisation to the Southern Front as head of the political department, and in October-November, he was head of the All-Russian Bureau of Military Commissars. From January to October 1919, he was head of the political department and a member of the Revolutionary Military Council of the 10th Army of the Southern Front. From October 1919 to January 1920, he was again secretary of the Central Committee of the Russian Communist Party (Bolsheviks). In 1920-21, he was commissar of the Donetsk Railway and a member of the presidium of the Crimean Regional Committee of the Russian Communist Party (Bolsheviks) and member of Crimean Council of People’s Commissars collegium. He was also chairman of the Crimean Union. From March 1922, he was chairman of the Main Directorate of State Insurance of the RSFSR (from 1923, the USSR).